MYSQL

MySQL은 데이터베이스 소프트워에어입니다. 일반적으로 데이터를 추가하거나 검색, 추출하는 기능을 포함해서 데이터베이스라고 부릅니다.

MySQL은 세계에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 오픈 소스의 관계형 데이터베이스 관리시스템(RDBMS)입니다. MySQL은 PHP 스크립트 언어와 상호 연동이 잘 되면서 오픈소스로 개발된 무료 프로그램입니다. 그래서 홈페이지나 쇼핑몰(워드프레스, cafe24, 제로보드, 그누보드)등 일반적으로 웹 개발에 널리 사용하고 있습니다.

MYSQL 설치

MAMP란 웹사이트를 개발할 때 쓰이는 기술 스택인 macOS, Apache, MySQL, PHP 의 약어이자 솔루션 스택이다. https://www.mamp.info/en/downloads/

MYSQL 실행

윈도우 : cd MAMP/bin/mysql/bin
로그인 : mysql -uroot -proot 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.24 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
맥 OS : cd Application/mamp/Library/bin
로그인 : ./mysql -uroot -proot 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 188
Server version: 5.7.34 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

데이터베이스

데이터베이스 만들기

create database 데이터베이스 이름; 
mysql> create database sample01;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

데이터베이스 보기

show databases; 
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sample01           |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

데이터베이스 사용

use 데이터베이스 이름; 
mysql> use sample01;
Database changed

데이터베이스 삭제

drop database 데이터베이스 이름; 
mysql> drop database sample02;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

테이블

테이블 만들기

creaste table 테이블 이름; 
mysql> create table member (
    myMemberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    youEmail varchar(40) NOT NULL,
    youName varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youPass varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youBirth int(20) NOT NULL,
    youAge int(5) NOT NULL,
    regTime int(20) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (myMemberID)
) charset=utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

테이블 전체보기

show tables; 
mysql> show tables;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_sample01 |
+--------------------+
| member             |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

테이블 보기

desc 테이블 이름; 
mysql> desc member;
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| myMemberID | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| youEmail   | varchar(40)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youName    | varchar(20)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youPass    | varchar(20)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youBirth   | int(20)          | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| regTime    | int(20)          | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

테이블 삭제

drop table 테이블 이름; 
mysql> drop table member;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

테이블 복사

CREATE TABLE 새로운 테이블명 SELECT * FROM 복사할 테이블명; 
CREATE TABLE member3 SELECT * FROM member;

테이블 데이터

데이터 입력하기

INSERT INTO 테이블이름(필드명) VALUE(데이터); 
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('webstoryboy@naver.com','황상연','1234','19990303','20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('thdtjdgml415@naver.com', '송성희', '1234', '19970415', '20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('mo0647@naver.com', '김민정', '1234', '19970530', '20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('tjrwnsrkdtj@naver.com', '김석준', '1234', '19941009', '20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('jwor124@naver.com', '정은비', '1234', '19990303', '20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('leesh3432@naver.com','이영환','1234','19970205','20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('sshin4882@naver.com','박현신','1234','19990303','20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('to_before@naver.com', '김상준', '1234', '19970809', '20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('kkb7528@naver.com','권규비','1234','19990303','20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('piowm123@gmail.com', '문병내', '1234', '19990303', '20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('ghkddbwls96@gmail.com', '황유진', '1234', '19990303', '20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('eodnjs9605@naver.com','김대원','1234','19960530','20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('wjsqhdus971007@gmail.com','전보연','1234','19971007','20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('noeyheyh@gmail.com','권혜현','1234','19960331','20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('hjkang306@gmail.com','강현지','1234','19990303','20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('sunhey9810@gmail.com', '박선혜', '1234', '19981010', '20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUE('kde66034@gmail.com', '김동언', '1234', '19700101', '20','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, regTime) VALUES('praise1109@gmail.com', '이하은', '1234', '19990303', '20','1234567');

데이터 불러오기

SELECT 필드명 FROM 테이블명 WHERE 조건;

전체 데이터 불러오기

mysql> SELECT * FROM member;
+------------+--------------------------+---------+---------+----------+---------+
| myMemberID | youEmail                 | youName | youPass | youBirth | regTime |
+------------+--------------------------+---------+---------+----------+---------+
|          1 | hjkang306@gmail.com      | 강현지  | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|          2 | webstoryboy@naver.com    | 황상연  | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|          3 | thdtjdgml415@naver.com   | 송성희  | 1234    | 19970415 | 1234567 |
|          4 | mo0647@naver.com         | 김민정  | 1234    | 19970530 | 1234567 |
|          5 | tjrwnsrkdtj@naver.com    | 김석준  | 1234    | 19941009 | 1234567 |
|          6 | jwor124@naver.com        | 정은 비 | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|          7 | leesh3432@naver.com      | 이영환  | 1234    | 19970205 | 1234567 |
|          8 | kkk5993@naver.com        | 김성현  | 1234    | 19960617 | 1234567 |
|          9 | sshin4882@naver.com      | 박현신  | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|         10 | to_before@naver.com      | 김상준  | 1234    | 19970809 | 1234567 |
|         11 | kkb7528@naver.com        | 권규비  | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|         12 | piowm123@gmail.com       | 문병내  | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|         13 | ghkddbwls96@gmail.com    | 황유진  | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|         14 | eodnjs9605@naver.com     | 김대원  | 1234    | 19960530 | 1234567 |
|         15 | wjsqhdus971007@gmail.com | 전보연  | 1234    | 19971007 | 1234567 |
|         16 | noeyheyh@gmail.com       | 권혜현  | 1234    | 19960331 | 1234567 |
|         17 | sunhey9810@gmail.com     | 박선혜  | 1234    | 19981010 | 1234567 |
|         18 | kde66034@gmail.com       | 김동언  | 1234    | 19700101 | 1234567 |
|         19 | praise1109@gmail.com     | 이하은  | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|         20 | oranssy@naver.com        | 최진주  | 3950    | 20010415 | 1234567 |
+------------+--------------------------+---------+---------+----------+---------+
20 rows in set (0.00 sec)

myMemberID가 6번인 경우

SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID = 6;

myMemberID가 6번이 아닌 경우

SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID <> 6;

myMemberID가 5~10인 경우

SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID >=5 AND myMemberID <=10;

myMemberID가 5~10인 경우(범위 조건)

SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID BETWEEN 5 AND 10;

myMemberID가 5~10이 아닌 경우(범위 조건)

SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID NOT BETWEEN 5 AND 10;

myMemberID 해당 조건 불러오기

SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID IN(1,4,10,14);

email 중 naver 텍스트를 포함하고 있는 경우

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youEmail LIKE '%naver%';

email 중 web 텍스트로 시작하는 경우

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youEmail LIKE 'web%';

email 중 com 텍스트로 끝나는 경우

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youEmail LIKE '%com';

이름 중 '김'으로 시작하는 멤버 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youName LIKE '김%';

이름 중 '김'씨 이거나 '황'씨인 경우 멤버 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youName LIKE '김%' OR youName LIKE '황%';

이름 중간에 '상'이 있는 멤버 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youName LIKE '_상_';

이름 끝에 '연'이 있는 멤버 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youName LIKE '__연';

이름 중에 데이터가 없는 경우 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youName IS NULL;

이름 중에 데이터가 있는 경우 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youName IS NOT NULL;

멤버 중에 나이가 18이상이면서 '김'씨인 멤버 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youAge >= 18 AND youName LIKE '김%';

멤버 중에 나이가 18이상이거나 '김'씨인 멤버 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE youAge >= 18 OR youName LIKE '김%';

멤버 중에 나이가 20이상이며서 아이디가 2또는 10인 멤버 출력

SELECT * FROM member WHERE (myMemberID = 2 OR myMemberID = 10) AND youAge >=20;

회원 데이터 5개만 불러오기(1~5)

SELECT * FROM member LIMIT 5;

회원 데이터 5개만 불러오기(6~10)

SELECT * FROM member LIMIT 5, 5;

회원 이메일을 5개만 불러오기(1~5)

SELECT youEmail FROM member LIMIT 5;

데이터 수정하기

UPDATE 테이블명(or필드명) SET 컬럼명 조건;

모든 회원의 핸드폰 번호 변경

UPDATE member SET youPhone = '010-0000-0000';

아이디가 3번인 회원의 비밀번호를 "123456"으로 변경

UPDATE member SET youPass = "123456" WHERE myMemberID = 3;

회원 아이디 5~10번까지 비밀번호를 "1234567"로 변경

UPDATE member SET youPass = "1234567" WHERE myMemberID BETWEEN 5 AND 10;

비밀번호를 "1234567"로 내림차순으로 10개만 변경하기

UPDATE member SET youPass = "1234567" WHERE LIMIT 10;

데이터 삭제하기

DELETE FROM 테이블명 조건;

회원 아이디가 5번인 멤버 삭제

DELETE FROM member WHERE myMemberID = 5;

회원 비밀번호가 '1234'인 멤버 삭제

DELETE FROM member WHERE youPass = '1234';

회원 이름을 기준으로 5번째까지 멤버 삭제

DELETE FROM member ORDER BY youName LIMIT 5;

지정한 멤버 삭제

DELETE FROM member WHERE myMemberID IN(7,9,10);

테이블 수정

필드 추가하기

ALTER TABLE 테이블명 ADD 추가할 필드명(과 조건) AFTER 필드 위치;

member 테이블 나이 뒤에 핸드폰 번호 필드를 추가

mysql> ALTER TABLE member ADD youPhone int(20) NOT NULL AFTER youAge;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

member 테이블 핸드폰 번호 뒤에 성별 필드를 추가

mysql> ALTER TABLE member ADD youGender enum('m','w','x') default 'x' comment "남성 m, 여성 w" AFTER youPhone;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

필드 수정하기

ALTER TABLE 테이블명 MODIFY 수정할 필드명; 
ALTER TABLE member MODIFY youAge int(10);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

필드 삭제하기

ALTER TABLE 테이블명 DROP 삭제할 필드명; 
mysql> ALTER TABLE member DROP youGender;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

테이블 합치기

테이블 JOIN

SELECT 필드명 FROM 테이블명 엘리어스 JOIN 연결할 테이블명 엘리어스 ON(조건문); 
create table myMember (
    myMemberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    youEmail varchar(40) NOT NULL,
    youName varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youPass varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    youBirth int(20) NOT NULL,
    youAge int(5) NOT NULL,
    youPhone varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    regTime int(20) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (myMemberID)
) charset=utf8;


create table myReview (
    myReviewID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
    myMemberID int(10) unsigned,
    youText tinytext NOT NULL,
    regTime int(20) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (myReviewID)
) charset=utf8;

INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('webstoryboy@naver.com','황상연','1234','19990303','20','01011112222','1234567');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('thdtjdgml415@naver.com', '송성희', '1234', '19970415', '20','01011112222','1234567');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('mo0647@naver.com', '김민정', '1234', '19970530', '20','01011112222','1234567');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('tjrwnsrkdtj@naver.com', '김석준', '1234', '19941009', '20','01011112222','1234567');
INSERT INTO myMember(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, youAge, youPhone, regTime) VALUES('jwor124@naver.com', '정은비', '1234', '19990303', '20','01011112222','1234567');

INSERT INTO myReview(myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("1", "정말 감사합니다, 너무 좋네요!", '1234567');
INSERT INTO myReview(myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("2", "별로예요~~", '1234567');
INSERT INTO myReview(myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("3", "다음에 또 살게요~", '1234567');
INSERT INTO myReview(myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("4", "불친절해요~~", '1234567');
INSERT INTO myReview(myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("5", "별로인 것 같아요~~~", '1234567');
INSERT INTO myReview(myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("2", "좋아요~ 또 사요~~", '1234567');
INSERT INTO myReview(myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("3", "사장님이 친절해요~~", '1234567');
INSERT INTO myReview(myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("4", "단골이 됐어요~~", '1234567');
INSERT INTO myReview(myMemberID, youText, regTime) VALUES("5", "좋아요 좋아요~~ 대박이에요~", '1234567');

SELECT m.youName, m.youEmail, r.youText, r.regTime FROM myMember m JOIN myReview r ON (m.myMemberID = r.myMemberID) ORDER BY myReviewID DESC LIMIT 5;